The year of 2008 wasn't a
normal year in the age of Egyptian women; it witness a lot of achievements &
gains in empowering the women , it appear clearly through the following
indicators:
First: the political
participation for women :
witness 2008 the elections of
local people's councils ; where the national democratic part ( NDP )
nominated 6000 candidates of original 52000 candidates , and El Tagamoa
Party has nominated 24 women candidates of original 520 women candidates on
it's lists .
2335 women candidates of them
have been successful by only 4.4% of the total membership of local councils,
both by acclamation or election.
The report of the
Inter-Parliamentary Union for 2008 was issued the status of women in 188
countries around the world have revealed that Egypt is ranked 134 in the
participation of women in parliament, where came Rwanda, Sudan and Cuba
ranks at the first, second and third rank.
The
second : women in decision making and assume leadership position :
In
March 19, 2008 issued a decree appointing 103 graduates of
The faculty of law to the post of
"assistant in the Administrative Prosecution," where President Hosni Mubarak
issued a republican decree appointing 133 on the Administrative Prosecution
from the class of 2005.
- Also issued a republican
decree appointing Faten Sha'rawi Abdul Aziz chaired the post of Chief of the
Office of the Supreme Constitutional Court to become the first woman to hold
this position since the establishment of the constitutional judiciary in
Egypt in 1969.
- In
the month of May, 12 female judges was sworn in front of the judge Supreme
Judicial Council, headed by the chancellor Makbel Shaker the President of
the Court of Cassation and the new female judges was of the Administrative
Prosecution Authority.
- As witnessed in 2008,
assumed Nagwa El Ashery the post of the first city chief on the level of the
governorate , also assumed Hana Mahmoud Abed El Aziz the post of the general
secretary of the governorate of 6 October to be the first Egyptian women
hold this position .
- As
well , Port Said has witnessed the appointment of the first woman in a
leading position on the municipal level of the Republic.
-
at the level of mayor position , has been appointed Eva Habel at the post of
mayor of Coma Yoha village at Assiut governorate.
Third:
proposal ( bill draft ) :
Witness
2008 the great attention by a number of human rights defense organizations,
through the formulation of a number of legal projects for women and that
refer to the interest of these organizations to activate and protect the
conditions of Egyptian women's rights and the protection of the active role
of these organizations in meeting the challenges and difficulties faced by
women, although many of these proposal raised in 2008 raised a few number
have been put forward within people council , as the following :
-
the bill draft of The
National Council for Women to criminalize female deprived of their right to
inheritance.
-
the legislative
committee in the national council for women reviewed Group of the criminal
legislation on protection of women in the Criminal Penal Code, which
included a proposed amendment to the articles on crimes of rape, kidnapping
and the crime of indecent assault.
- proposal in front of people
council on "breast-delay penalty" by the deputy Dr. Zeinab Radwan.
-
The Egyptian Center for Women's Rights and the National Council for Women
and the deputy Mr. Mohamed Khalil Quetta provided three bill draft for
amending some provisions of the Penal Code defines sexual harassment.
-In
a speech the President of the Republic to mark the opening of the new
parliamentary session, President Mubarak pointed out that he would apply for
both houses of parliament with legislative amendments would allow for
increased representation of women in both houses parliament and allocation
of additional seats to the current number of seats in both houses of
parliament.
- the Policy Committee of
the National Democratic Party in cooperation with the Ministry of Justice
provided a suggestion to discuss the amendment of some items of personal
status law on divorce, alimony and the marital residence.
Fourth:
the phenomenon of trafficking in human beings:
-
The U.S. State Department released its
eighth annual report on the situation of practices of trafficking in human
beings in the world have confirmed the report of the failure of Egypt to
provide the mechanisms that limit the phenomenon of trafficking in human
beings, and emphasized that Egypt had become a state «transit» or «crossing»
for the transfer of women.
-
In response, Egypt has declared the
formation of the national coordination to combat and prevent trafficking in
persons, the Commission has issued its first report, "the first annual
report in September 2008," which consisted of a general background on the
National Coordinating Committee to combat and prevent trafficking in persons
to counter the phenomenon of trafficking in people .
-
In October, the international conference
of United Nations organized crime in Vienna has adopted at the conclusion of
its effectiveness the Egyptian decision draft on the phenomenon of
trafficking in human beings, which aims to form a working group of Member
States to include the largest number of States to the Protocol on the fight
against the phenomenon.
Fifth : parliament
during 2008 :
-Witness 2008 the issuance of 197 laws
under the dome of parliament beginning with the law No. 1 for 2008
associated with the budget and search for oil up to the law No. 197 for
2008 related to the amendment the law of Bar.
- About 161 laws
associated with budgets , oil and international conventions and the rest
was laws or amendments related to public issues.... The most controversial
laws were traffic laws, children and property taxes.
Sixth : human right
:
Witness 2008 several events on
human rights and the harvest of this year is that around 200 workers
performed sit-strike and 75 demonstration the displacement of more than 50
thousand workers , and suicide and killing and injury around 1241 person
for the absence of means of industrial safety in addition to the 25 stand
protest.
-
One of the
most important of those strikes throughout the year "300 workers of the
electricity company at Canal & Sharkia organized a sit-strike demand their
additional.
-
Sit-strike of
650 workers and staff of education departments and schools in Suez claim to
join the cadre like teachers.
-
The sixth of
April strike regard the biggest strike happen in Egypt since 1977 where
took the workers of Ghazel El Mahlaa the lead in the implementation of this
strike which call for it many national power & the youth of facebook.
-
Sit-strike for
250 family after the police forced them to evacuate their homes at the
decision of evacuating by the claim that they maintain the property of the
State.
-
In Qaliubiya
600 farmers staged a sit-strike in front of Development and Agricultural
Credit Bank at Tarsa village, demanding their money seized by the bank.
-
In Fayoum,
more than 300 farmers from the villages of Atsa organized sit-strike in
front of the Governorate in protest at the lack of irrigation water to
agricultural land to the detriment of crops 15 thousand feddans.
-
Egypt got the
red mark on the classification of the report issued by the
Euro-Mediterranean Network for Human Rights, this means that Egypt, where
there is no freedom of association and civil society ,the report mentioned
that the management practices have increased the pressure on associations to
the extent legally allowed to exceed the benefits.